USAAAO — 2026 First Round

An extraterrestrial form of life from a distant planetary system observed a transit of Jupiter across the Sun. The transit was central, which means that the center of Jupiter’s disk intersected with the center of the Sun’s disk throughout the transit. Neglecting the effect of limb darkening, which of the light curves below could correspond to the transit of Jupiter seen by the extraterrestrial? The x-axis on the plots corresponds to the time difference in hours from the middle of the transit, and the y-axis corresponds to the apparent bolometric magnitude of the star.